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Neve Shalom (, ''lit.'' Oasis of Peace), also known as Wāħat as-Salām ((アラビア語:واحة السلام))〔.”The village has an official name in Hebrew and in Arabic: Neve Shalom/Wahat al Salam, which is meant to convey the partnership between Arabs and Jews in the life of the community. In practice, when one is speaking Hebrew, the village is called “Neve Shalom”; when one is speaking Arabic it is sometimes called “Neve Shalom” and sometimes “Wahat al Salam”. Only when the members of the village are speaking English or another third language, do they refer to the village by its full name in both languages .〕 is a cooperative village jointly founded by Israeli Jews and Palestinian-Israeli Arabs in an attempt to show that the two peoples can live side by side peacefully, as well as to conduct educational work for peace, equality and understanding between the two peoples. The village is located on one of the two Latrun hilltops overlooking the Ayalon Valley, and lies midway between Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. Falling under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council, in 2011 it had a population of 236. ==History== The name ''Neve shalom'' is taken from a passage in the : "My people shall dwell in an oasis of peace.".〔.〕 The village was the brainchild of Bruno Hussar. Born in Egypt the son of non-practicing Jews, he converted to Christianity while studying engineering in France. Witnessing at first hand the vitriolic anti-semitism of wartime France sharpened his awareness of his Jewish roots.〔.〕 He joined the Dominican Order, was ordained into the priesthood in 1950, and sent to Jerusalem to establish a centre for Jewish studies in 1953, where he obtained Israeli citizenship in 1966. In 1970, in order to promote ecumenical interfaith dialogue, he obtained forty hectares (120 acres〔.〕) of terrain classified as no man's land〔.〕 in the Latrun salient, at a 'pepperkorn rent' of 3 pence a year on a 100 year lease from the local Trappist abbey. The area was desolate, treeless, unwatered and covered with brambles, and had not been under cultivation since the Byzantine period.〔.〕 At the outset foreigners came to share the experience with him, but few remained beyond one or two months, save for Anne LeMeignon who settled in a hut and stayed on.〔.〕 Hussar's project envisaged the creation of a sociocultural framework that would enable residents to live on terms of equality and mutual respect while conserving the distinct cultural heritage, language and sense of identity each individual brought to the community from the complex mosaic of Palestine's historic communities. At the same time, it would be designed to function as a school of peace where people from all over the country could learn to listen to each other.〔.〕 In Hussar's own words: "We had in mind a small village composed of inhabitants from different communities in the country. Jews, Christians and Muslims would live there in peace, each one faithful to his own faith and traditions, while respecting those of others. Each would find in this diversity a source of personal enrichment.".〔.〕 Conditions were harsh, and at first Hussar lived in a bus on the site.〔 Even basic facilities like a bathroom were lacking, and showers could be taken only by driving once a week the 10 kilometres to kibbutz Nachshon.〔.〕〔.〕 The first five families, four Jewish and one Palestinian〔:Abdel-Salam Najjar and his wife Ayesha. He was son of the imam of Arrabe near Nazareth, and was told by Hussar to gain experience on a kibbutz. He duly went to work as a volunteer at Kerem Shalom on the Sinai-Gaza border, where he met Ilan and Tamar Frisch. Together they moved to Neve Shalom.〕 settled there in 1978, dwelling in tents. Among the early members (from November 1980)〔.〕 was Major Wellesley Aron, grandfather of the Israeli singer David Broza. Says David Broza: "The group of people that my grandfather joined saw the place as an opportunity to expand on the idea of finding peace within yourself as a prelude to bringing peace to the community and the region".〔 The School for Peace was established in 1978. The founding families came mainly from a secular background.〔.〕 The Neve Shalom-Wahat as-Salam model earned the 1989 Beyond War Award,〔Beyond War Award Page http://traubman.igc.org/bwaward.htm〕 and inspired the 1992 birth of the sustained Jewish-Palestinian Living Room Dialogue Group in the United States. For years it survived as an orphan community devoid of official assistance. In 1994, after lobbying by foreign supporters and the American diplomat Samuel W. Lewis, the Israeli government had a change of heart and began to provide subsidies, and extended legal status to the village as a municipality. As a result it earned autonomous zoning rights.〔.〕 The "School of Peace" closed down in a month-long strike, in protest and mourning, at the outbreak of the Al Aqsa Intifada in 2000, and made efforts to provide welfare for Palestinians as the violence spread.〔.〕 While assimilation is not promoted, intermarriage is not disapproved of, though instances are rare. The preference is for each community to maintain its distinct identity.〔.〕 The forging of a convivial bicultural identity has not erased difficulties. Even in schooling, Grace Feuerverger's account documents, achingly painful tensions do arise in relationships as children, teachers and families interact.〔.〕 One resident stated the issue in the following terms: The Neve Shalom/Wahat Al-Salam experience ''humanizes'' the conflict. It is called an oasis, but only as compared to other areas in the country. The village has many difficulties but at least we are not being broken. We do have personal squabbles as in any village, but we are living the conflict instead of fighting it.〔.〕 To mark the advent of the new millennium, towards the end of the 1990s the Trappist monastery decided to hand over half〔.〕 the land, some 50 acres, to Neve Shalom/Wahat as-Salam as an outright gift to its residents.〔.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Neve Shalom」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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